According to educationvv, the system of higher, secondary and special education in Afghanistan is managed by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Higher Education.
The largest university centers in the country are universities in the cities of Kabul, Kandahar, Herat, Mazar-i-Sharif, Jalalabad.
The main scientific centers are under the jurisdiction of the Afghan Academy of Sciences, which includes the Center for Natural Sciences, the Institute of Social Sciences, the Institute of History, the Institute of Literature, the Center for the Study of Kushans, the Center for the Study of the Pashto Language, the Encyclopedia Center and other scientific structures.
Afghanistan has a rich cultural heritage. Architectural monuments are an important part of the national culture. These are mainly religious buildings – mosques, madrasahs, mausoleums. The most famous of them are the statues of the Big Buddha and the Small Buddha in Bamiyan, destroyed by the Taliban in 2001, the Buddhist monasteries in Hadd (Nangarhar province) and Aibak (Samangan province), the Abu Nasr Parsa mosque in Balkh, the Ruza-i Sharif mosque in Mazar -Sharife, cathedral mosques in Herat and Kabul, the Khirke-ye Mubarak mosque in Kandahar, the Shah-e du Shamshira mosque in Kabul, the Musalla architectural complex in Herat, the mausoleums of Abdurrahman Jami, Ansari and Alisher Navoi in Herat, the tombs of Mir Wais and Ahmad Shah in Kandahar, the minaret “Jam” in the province of Gur.
The literary heritage of Afghanistan is exceptionally rich; Persian-speaking poets Ferdowsi, the author of the heroic poem Shahnameh, the Sufi poet Abdurrahman Jami, Alisher Navoi, Rabiya Balkhi, Pashto-speaking poets Bayazid Ansari, Khushkhal Khan Khattak, Rahman Baba worked here in different historical eras.
Afghan literature reached significant development after World War II. Its most famous representatives were poets Gul Pacha Ulfat, Abdurrauf Benawa, Barek Shafii, Suleiman Laek, Dastegir Panjshiri, prose writers Abdurrahman Pazhvak, Asadullah Habib.
Theater has become a new trend in Afghan art – the first and so far the only professional theater in the country, Kabul Nandari, appeared in 1946. Abdurrashid Latifi was its permanent director for many years. Along with the classics of world drama, national performances were also staged in the theater.
The Kabul National Museum, founded in 1919, has gained great fame in Afghanistan and beyond its borders, where rare examples of ancient and medieval art were collected. During the Civil War, the museum was plundered and is now under restoration. Small museums have been preserved in some centers of the provinces of Afghanistan.
General information about Afghanistan
The official name is the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (Jamhuri-ye Islami-ye Afghanistan). Located in the southwestern part of Central Asia. The area is 655 thousand km2, the population is 25.8 million people. (estimate, 2000). The official languages are Pashto and Dari. The capital is the city of Kabul (2.5 million people). Public holiday – Independence Day on August 19 (since 1919). The monetary unit is the afghani.
Member of the UN (since 1946), Non-Aligned Movement (since 1954), FAO and UNICEF (since the early 1960s), IBRD, IMF, Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) (since the late 1960s), Organizations economic cooperation (ECO) (since 1992).
